Compared with all other diagnostic modalities, MSCT has the highest sensitivity and specificity. Extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (eFAST) has become a well established component of the trauma room algorithm but is of limited usefulness in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma. Laboratory values such as those for haematocrit, haemoglobin, base excess or deficit, and international normalised ratio (INR) are prognostic parameters that are useful in guiding therapy. Ecchymosis of the abdominal wall (seat belt sign) is a clinical sign that has a high predictive value. ResultsĪ total of 86 studies were included in the review. On the basis of the results of our comprehensive analysis of the literature and a current case, we offer a diagnostic algorithm. Relevant articles were included in the literature review. We searched commonly used databases in order to obtain information about the aforementioned diagnostic modalities. In this article, we investigate and evaluate the usefulness and limitations of various diagnostic modalities on the basis of a comprehensive review of the literature. Physical examination, laboratory tests, ultrasound, conventional radiography, multislice computed tomography (MSCT), and diagnostic laparoscopy are used for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma.
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